ScreenCapture.NET/ScreenCapture.NET.DX9/DX9ScreenCapture.cs

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using HPPH;
using SharpGen.Runtime;
using Vortice.Direct3D9;

namespace ScreenCapture.NET;

/// <summary>
/// Represents a ScreenCapture using DirectX 9.
/// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/d3d9/nf-d3d9-idirect3ddevice9-getfrontbufferdata
/// </summary>
// ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming
public sealed class DX9ScreenCapture : AbstractScreenCapture<ColorBGRA>
{
    #region Properties & Fields

    private readonly object _captureLock = new();

    private readonly IDirect3D9 _direct3D9;
    private IDirect3DDevice9? _device;
    private IDirect3DSurface9? _surface;
    private byte[]? _buffer;
    private int _stride;

    #endregion

    #region Constructors

    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="DX9ScreenCapture"/> class.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="direct3D9">The D3D9 instance used.</param>
    /// <param name="display">The <see cref="Display"/> to duplicate.</param>
    internal DX9ScreenCapture(IDirect3D9 direct3D9, Display display)
        : base(display)
    {
        this._direct3D9 = direct3D9;

        Restart();
    }

    #endregion

    #region Methods

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override bool PerformScreenCapture()
    {
        bool result = false;
        lock (_captureLock)
        {
            if ((_device == null) || (_surface == null) || (_buffer == null))
            {
                Restart();
                return false;
            }

            try
            {
                _device.GetFrontBufferData(0, _surface);

                LockedRectangle dr = _surface.LockRect(LockFlags.NoSystemLock | LockFlags.ReadOnly);

                nint ptr = dr.DataPointer;
                for (int y = 0; y < Display.Height; y++)
                {
                    Marshal.Copy(ptr, _buffer, y * _stride, _stride);
                    ptr += dr.Pitch;
                }

                _surface.UnlockRect();

                result = true;
            }
            catch (SharpGenException dxException)
            {
                if (dxException.ResultCode == Result.AccessDenied)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        Restart();
                    }
                    catch { Thread.Sleep(100); }
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override void PerformCaptureZoneUpdate(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        if (_buffer == null) return;

        using IDisposable @lock = captureZone.Lock();
        {
            if (captureZone.DownscaleLevel == 0)
                CopyZone(captureZone, buffer);
            else
                DownscaleZone(captureZone, buffer);
        }
    }

    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    private void CopyZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        RefImage<ColorBGRA>.Wrap(_buffer, Display.Width, Display.Height, _stride)[captureZone.X, captureZone.Y, captureZone.Width, captureZone.Height]
                           .CopyTo(MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(buffer));
    }

    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    private void DownscaleZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        RefImage<ColorBGRA> source = RefImage<ColorBGRA>.Wrap(_buffer, Display.Width, Display.Height, _stride)[captureZone.X, captureZone.Y, captureZone.UnscaledWidth, captureZone.UnscaledHeight];
        Span<ColorBGRA> target = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(buffer);

        int blockSize = 1 << captureZone.DownscaleLevel;

        int width = captureZone.Width;
        int height = captureZone.Height;

        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
                target[(y * width) + x] = source[x * blockSize, y * blockSize, blockSize, blockSize].Average();
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public override void Restart()
    {
        base.Restart();

        lock (_captureLock)
        {
            DisposeDX();

            try
            {
                PresentParameters presentParameters = new()
                {
                    BackBufferWidth = Display.Width,
                    BackBufferHeight = Display.Height,
                    Windowed = true,
                    SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard
                };
                _device = _direct3D9.CreateDevice(Display.Index, DeviceType.Hardware, IntPtr.Zero, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParameters);
                _surface = _device.CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(Display.Width, Display.Height, Format.A8R8G8B8, Pool.Scratch);
                _stride = Display.Width * ColorBGRA.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
                _buffer = new byte[Display.Height * _stride];
            }
            catch
            {
                DisposeDX();
            }
        }
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        base.Dispose(disposing);

        lock (_captureLock)
            DisposeDX();
    }

    private void DisposeDX()
    {
        try
        {
            try { _surface?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/}
            try { _device?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/}
            _buffer = null;
            _device = null;
            _surface = null;
        }
        catch { /**/ }
    }

    #endregion
}