ScreenCapture.NET/ScreenCapture.NET.X11/X11ScreenCapture.cs

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using ScreenCapture.NET.Downscale;

namespace ScreenCapture.NET;

/// <summary>
/// Represents a ScreenCapture using libX11.
/// https://x.org/releases/current/doc/libX11/libX11/libX11.html#XGetImage
/// </summary>
// ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming
public sealed class X11ScreenCapture : AbstractScreenCapture<ColorBGRA>
{
    #region Properties & Fields

    private readonly object _captureLock = new();

    private nint _display;
    private nint _drawable;
    private nint _imageHandle;
    private X11.XImage _image;
    private int _size;
    private unsafe ReadOnlySpan<byte> Data => new(_image.data, _size);

    #endregion

    #region Constructors

    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="X11ScreenCapture"/> class.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="display">The <see cref="Display"/> to duplicate.</param>
    internal X11ScreenCapture(Display display)
        : base(display)
    {
        Restart();
    }

    #endregion

    #region Methods

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override bool PerformScreenCapture()
    {
        lock (_captureLock)
        {
            if ((_display == 0) || (_imageHandle == 0))
            {
                Restart();
                return false;
            }

            X11.XGetSubImage(_display, _drawable, 0, 0, (uint)Display.Width, (uint)Display.Height, X11.ALL_PLANES, X11.ZPIXMAP, _imageHandle, 0, 0);

            return true;
        }
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override void PerformCaptureZoneUpdate(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, in Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        using IDisposable @lock = captureZone.Lock();
        {
            if (captureZone.DownscaleLevel == 0)
                CopyZone(captureZone, buffer);
            else
                DownscaleZone(captureZone, buffer);
        }
    }

    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    private void CopyZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, in Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        ReadOnlySpan<ColorBGRA> source = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(Data);
        Span<ColorBGRA> target = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(buffer);

        int offsetX = captureZone.X;
        int offsetY = captureZone.Y;
        int width = captureZone.Width;
        int height = captureZone.Height;
        int sourceStride = _image.bytes_per_line / captureZone.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;

        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
        {
            int sourceOffset = ((y + offsetY) * sourceStride) + offsetX;
            int targetOffset = y * width;
            source.Slice(sourceOffset, width).CopyTo(target.Slice(targetOffset, width));
        }
    }

    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    private void DownscaleZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, in Span<byte> buffer)
    {
        ReadOnlySpan<byte> source = Data;
        Span<byte> target = buffer;

        int blockSize = captureZone.DownscaleLevel switch
        {
            1 => 2,
            2 => 4,
            3 => 8,
            4 => 16,
            5 => 32,
            6 => 64,
            7 => 128,
            8 => 256,
            _ => (int)Math.Pow(2, captureZone.DownscaleLevel),
        };

        int offsetX = captureZone.X;
        int offsetY = captureZone.Y;
        int width = captureZone.Width;
        int height = captureZone.Height;
        int stride = captureZone.Stride;
        int bpp = captureZone.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
        int sourceStride = _image.bytes_per_line / bpp;

        Span<byte> scaleBuffer = stackalloc byte[bpp];
        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
            {
                AverageByteSampler.Sample(new SamplerInfo<byte>((x + offsetX) * blockSize, (y + offsetY) * blockSize, blockSize, blockSize, sourceStride, bpp, source), scaleBuffer);

                int targetOffset = (y * stride) + (x * bpp);

                // DarthAffe 09.09.2023: Unroll as optimization since we know it's always 4 bpp - not ideal but it does quite a lot
                target[targetOffset] = scaleBuffer[0];
                target[targetOffset + 1] = scaleBuffer[1];
                target[targetOffset + 2] = scaleBuffer[2];
                target[targetOffset + 3] = scaleBuffer[3];
            }
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public override void Restart()
    {
        base.Restart();

        lock (_captureLock)
        {
            DisposeDisplay();
            try
            {
                _display = X11.XOpenDisplay(X11.DISPLAY_NAME);

                nint screen = X11.XScreenOfDisplay(_display, Display.Index);
                _drawable = X11.XRootWindowOfScreen(screen);
                _imageHandle = X11.XGetImage(_display, _drawable, 0, 0, (uint)Display.Width, (uint)Display.Height, X11.ALL_PLANES, X11.ZPIXMAP);
                _image = Marshal.PtrToStructure<X11.XImage>(_imageHandle);
                _size = _image.bytes_per_line * _image.height;

                if (_image.bits_per_pixel != (ColorBGRA.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel * 8)) throw new NotSupportedException("The X-Server is configured to a not supported pixel-format. Needs to be 32 bit per pixel BGR.");
            }
            catch
            {
                DisposeDisplay();
            }
        }
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        base.Dispose(disposing);

        lock (_captureLock)
        {
            try { DisposeDisplay(); }
            catch { /**/ }
        }
    }

    private void DisposeDisplay()
    {
        if (_imageHandle != 0)
            try { X11.XDestroyImage(_imageHandle); } catch { /**/ }

        _image = default;

        if (_display != 0)
            try { X11.XCloseDisplay(_display); } catch { /**/ }
    }

    #endregion
}