Reworked capturing to fully detach the capture zone from the capturing itself and allow better handling of result-data (WIP)

ScreenCapture.NET.sln.DotSettings

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 <wpf:ResourceDictionary xml:space="preserve" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:ss="urn:shemas-jetbrains-com:settings-storage-xaml" xmlns:wpf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
+	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeStyle/Naming/CSharpNaming/Abbreviations/=BGRA/@EntryIndexedValue">BGRA</s:String>
 	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeStyle/Naming/CSharpNaming/Abbreviations/=DPI/@EntryIndexedValue">DPI</s:String>
 	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeStyle/Naming/CSharpNaming/Abbreviations/=DX/@EntryIndexedValue">DX</s:String></wpf:ResourceDictionary>

ScreenCapture.NET/DirectX/DX11ScreenCapture.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading;
 using SharpGen.Runtime;
 using Vortice.Direct3D;
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
 /// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3ddxgi/desktop-dup-api
 /// </summary>
 // ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming
-public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
+public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : AbstractScreenCapture<ColorBGRA>
 {
     #region Constants
 
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
         FeatureLevel.Level_10_0
     };
 
-    private const int BPP = 4;
-
     #endregion
 
     #region Properties & Fields
@@ -39,14 +37,10 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
     private readonly object _captureLock = new();
 
     private readonly bool _useNewDuplicationAdapter;
-    private int _indexCounter = 0;
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Display Display { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the timeout in ms used for screen-capturing. (default 1000ms)
-    /// This is used in <see cref="CaptureScreen"/> https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/dxgi1_2/nf-dxgi1_2-idxgioutputduplication-acquirenextframe
+    /// This is used in <see cref="PerformScreenCapture"/> https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/dxgi1_2/nf-dxgi1_2-idxgioutputduplication-acquirenextframe
     /// </summary>
     // ReSharper disable once MemberCanBePrivate.Global
     public int Timeout { get; set; } = 1000;
@@ -59,14 +53,7 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
     private ID3D11DeviceContext? _context;
     private ID3D11Texture2D? _captureTexture;
 
-    private readonly Dictionary<CaptureZone, (ID3D11Texture2D stagingTexture, ID3D11Texture2D? scalingTexture, ID3D11ShaderResourceView? _scalingTextureView)> _captureZones = new();
+    private readonly Dictionary<CaptureZone<ColorBGRA>, ZoneTextures> _textures = new();
-
-    #endregion
-
-    #region Events
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public event EventHandler<ScreenCaptureUpdatedEventArgs>? Updated;
 
     #endregion
 
@@ -82,9 +69,9 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
     /// <param name="display">The <see cref="Display"/> to duplicate.</param>
     /// <param name="useNewDuplicationAdapter">Indicates if the DuplicateOutput1 interface should be used instead of the older DuplicateOutput. Currently there's no real use in setting this to true.</param>
     public DX11ScreenCapture(IDXGIFactory1 factory, Display display, bool useNewDuplicationAdapter = false)
+        : base(display)
     {
         this._factory = factory;
-        this.Display = display;
         this._useNewDuplicationAdapter = useNewDuplicationAdapter;
 
         Restart();
@@ -94,8 +81,7 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
 
     #region Methods
 
-    /// <inheritdoc />
+    protected override bool PerformScreenCapture()
-    public bool CaptureScreen()
     {
         bool result = false;
         lock (_captureLock)
@@ -142,83 +128,68 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
                     catch { Thread.Sleep(100); }
                 }
             }
-            catch { /**/ }
-
-            try
-            {
-                UpdateZones();
-            }
-            catch { /**/ }
-
-            try
-            {
-                Updated?.Invoke(this, new ScreenCaptureUpdatedEventArgs(result));
-            }
-            catch { /**/ }
-
-            return result;
         }
+
+        return result;
     }
 
-    private void UpdateZones()
+    protected override void PerformCaptureZoneUpdate(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
         if (_context == null) return;
 
-        lock (_captureZones)
+        lock (_textures)
         {
-            foreach ((CaptureZone captureZone, (ID3D11Texture2D stagingTexture, ID3D11Texture2D? scalingTexture, ID3D11ShaderResourceView? scalingTextureView)) in _captureZones.Where(z => z.Key.AutoUpdate || z.Key.IsUpdateRequested))
+            if (!_textures.TryGetValue(captureZone, out ZoneTextures? textures)) return;
+
+            if (textures.ScalingTexture != null)
             {
-                if (scalingTexture != null)
+                _context.CopySubresourceRegion(textures.ScalingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, _captureTexture, 0,
-                {
+                                               new Box(textures.X, textures.Y, 0,
-                    _context.CopySubresourceRegion(scalingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, _captureTexture, 0,
+                                                       textures.X + textures.UnscaledWidth,
-                                                   new Box(captureZone.X, captureZone.Y, 0,
+                                                       textures.Y + textures.UnscaledHeight, 1));
-                                                           captureZone.X + captureZone.UnscaledWidth,
+                _context.GenerateMips(textures.ScalingTextureView);
-                                                           captureZone.Y + captureZone.UnscaledHeight, 1));
+                _context.CopySubresourceRegion(textures.StagingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, textures.ScalingTexture, captureZone.DownscaleLevel);
-                    _context.GenerateMips(scalingTextureView);
-                    _context.CopySubresourceRegion(stagingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, scalingTexture, captureZone.DownscaleLevel);
-                }
-                else
-                    _context.CopySubresourceRegion(stagingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, _captureTexture, 0,
-                                                   new Box(captureZone.X, captureZone.Y, 0,
-                                                           captureZone.X + captureZone.UnscaledWidth,
-                                                           captureZone.Y + captureZone.UnscaledHeight, 1));
-
-                MappedSubresource mapSource = _context.Map(stagingTexture, 0, MapMode.Read, MapFlags.None);
-                lock (captureZone.Buffer)
-                {
-                    Span<byte> source = mapSource.AsSpan(mapSource.RowPitch * captureZone.Height);
-                    switch (Display.Rotation)
-                    {
-                        case Rotation.Rotation90:
-                            CopyRotate90(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
-                            break;
-
-                        case Rotation.Rotation180:
-                            CopyRotate180(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
-                            break;
-
-                        case Rotation.Rotation270:
-                            CopyRotate270(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
-                            break;
-
-                        default:
-                            CopyRotate0(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
-                            break;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                _context.Unmap(stagingTexture, 0);
-                captureZone.SetUpdated();
             }
+            else
+                _context.CopySubresourceRegion(textures.StagingTexture, 0, 0, 0, 0, _captureTexture, 0,
+                                               new Box(textures.X, textures.Y, 0,
+                                                       textures.X + textures.UnscaledWidth,
+                                                       textures.Y + textures.UnscaledHeight, 1));
+
+            MappedSubresource mapSource = _context.Map(textures.StagingTexture, 0, MapMode.Read, MapFlags.None);
+            using IDisposable @lock = captureZone.Image.Lock();
+            {
+                Span<byte> source = mapSource.AsSpan(mapSource.RowPitch * textures.Height);
+                switch (Display.Rotation)
+                {
+                    case Rotation.Rotation90:
+                        CopyRotate90(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
+                        break;
+
+                    case Rotation.Rotation180:
+                        CopyRotate180(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
+                        break;
+
+                    case Rotation.Rotation270:
+                        CopyRotate270(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
+                        break;
+
+                    default:
+                        CopyRotate0(source, mapSource.RowPitch, captureZone);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            _context.Unmap(textures.StagingTexture, 0);
         }
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private static void CopyRotate0(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone captureZone)
+    private static void CopyRotate0(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
-        int height = captureZone.Height;
+        int height = captureZone.Image.Height;
-        int stride = captureZone.Stride;
+        int stride = captureZone.Image.Stride;
-        Span<byte> target = captureZone.Buffer.AsSpan();
+        Span<byte> target = captureZone.Image.Raw;
 
         for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
         {
@@ -230,98 +201,78 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private static void CopyRotate90(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone captureZone)
+    private static void CopyRotate90(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
-        int width = captureZone.Width;
+        int width = captureZone.Image.Width;
-        int height = captureZone.Height;
+        int height = captureZone.Image.Height;
-        Span<byte> target = captureZone.Buffer.AsSpan();
+        int usedBytesPerLine = height * captureZone.Image.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
+        Span<ColorBGRA> target = captureZone.Image.Pixels;
 
-        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
+        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
-            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+        {
-            {
+            Span<ColorBGRA> src = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(source.Slice(x * sourceStride, usedBytesPerLine));
-                int sourceOffset = ((y * sourceStride) + (x * BPP));
+            for (int y = 0; y < src.Length; y++)
-                int targetOffset = ((x * height) + ((height - 1) - y)) * BPP;
+                target[(y * width) + (width - x - 1)] = src[y];
-
+        }
-                target[targetOffset] = source[sourceOffset];
-                target[targetOffset + 1] = source[sourceOffset + 1];
-                target[targetOffset + 2] = source[sourceOffset + 2];
-                target[targetOffset + 3] = source[sourceOffset + 3];
-            }
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private static void CopyRotate180(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone captureZone)
+    private static void CopyRotate180(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
-        int width = captureZone.Width;
+        int width = captureZone.Image.Width;
-        int height = captureZone.Height;
+        int height = captureZone.Image.Height;
-        int stride = captureZone.Stride;
+        int bpp = captureZone.Image.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
-        Span<byte> target = captureZone.Buffer.AsSpan();
+        int usedBytesPerLine = width * bpp;
+        Span<ColorBGRA> target = captureZone.Image.Pixels;
 
         for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
-            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+        {
+            Span<ColorBGRA> src = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(source.Slice(y * sourceStride, usedBytesPerLine));
+            for (int x = 0; x < src.Length; x++)
             {
-                int sourceOffset = ((y * sourceStride) + (x * BPP));
+                target[((height - y - 1) * width) + (width - x - 1)] = src[x];
-                int targetOffset = target.Length - ((y * stride) + (x * BPP)) - 1;
-
-                target[targetOffset - 3] = source[sourceOffset];
-                target[targetOffset - 2] = source[sourceOffset + 1];
-                target[targetOffset - 1] = source[sourceOffset + 2];
-                target[targetOffset] = source[sourceOffset + 3];
             }
+        }
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private static void CopyRotate270(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone captureZone)
+    private static void CopyRotate270(in Span<byte> source, int sourceStride, in CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
-        int width = captureZone.Width;
+        int width = captureZone.Image.Width;
-        int height = captureZone.Height;
+        int height = captureZone.Image.Height;
-        Span<byte> target = captureZone.Buffer.AsSpan();
+        int usedBytesPerLine = height * captureZone.Image.ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
+        Span<ColorBGRA> target = captureZone.Image.Pixels;
 
-        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
+        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
-            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+        {
-            {
+            Span<ColorBGRA> src = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ColorBGRA>(source.Slice(x * sourceStride, usedBytesPerLine));
-                int sourceOffset = ((y * sourceStride) + (x * BPP));
+            for (int y = 0; y < src.Length; y++)
-                int targetOffset = ((((width - 1) - x) * height) + y) * BPP;
+                target[((height - y - 1) * width) + x] = src[y];
-
+        }
-                target[targetOffset] = source[sourceOffset];
-                target[targetOffset + 1] = source[sourceOffset + 1];
-                target[targetOffset + 2] = source[sourceOffset + 2];
-                target[targetOffset + 3] = source[sourceOffset + 3];
-            }
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public CaptureZone RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel = 0)
+    public override CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel = 0)
     {
-        ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(x, y, width, height);
+        CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone = base.RegisterCaptureZone(x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
 
-        if (Display.Rotation is Rotation.Rotation90 or Rotation.Rotation270)
+        lock (_textures)
-            (x, y, width, height) = (y, x, height, width);
-
-        int unscaledWidth = width;
-        int unscaledHeight = height;
-        (width, height, downscaleLevel) = CalculateScaledSize(unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, downscaleLevel);
-
-        byte[] buffer = new byte[width * height * BPP];
-
-        CaptureZone captureZone = new(_indexCounter++, x, y, width, height, BPP, downscaleLevel, unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, buffer);
-        lock (_captureZones)
             InitializeCaptureZone(captureZone);
 
         return captureZone;
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public bool UnregisterCaptureZone(CaptureZone captureZone)
+    public override bool UnregisterCaptureZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
-        lock (_captureZones)
+        if (!base.UnregisterCaptureZone(captureZone)) return false;
+
+        lock (_textures)
         {
-            if (_captureZones.TryGetValue(captureZone, out (ID3D11Texture2D stagingTexture, ID3D11Texture2D? scalingTexture, ID3D11ShaderResourceView? _scalingTextureView) data))
+            if (_textures.TryGetValue(captureZone, out ZoneTextures? textures))
             {
-                _captureZones.Remove(captureZone);
+                textures.Dispose();
-                data.stagingTexture.Dispose();
+                _textures.Remove(captureZone);
-                data.scalingTexture?.Dispose();
-                data._scalingTextureView?.Dispose();
 
                 return true;
             }
@@ -331,88 +282,66 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public void UpdateCaptureZone(CaptureZone captureZone, int? x = null, int? y = null, int? width = null, int? height = null, int? downscaleLevel = null)
+    public override void UpdateCaptureZone(CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone, int? x = null, int? y = null, int? width = null, int? height = null, int? downscaleLevel = null)
     {
-        lock (_captureZones)
+        base.UpdateCaptureZone(captureZone, x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
-            if (!_captureZones.ContainsKey(captureZone))
-                throw new ArgumentException("The capture zone is not registered to this ScreenCapture", nameof(captureZone));
-
-        int newX = x ?? captureZone.X;
-        int newY = y ?? captureZone.Y;
-        int newUnscaledWidth = width ?? captureZone.UnscaledWidth;
-        int newUnscaledHeight = height ?? captureZone.UnscaledHeight;
-        int newDownscaleLevel = downscaleLevel ?? captureZone.DownscaleLevel;
-
-        ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(newX, newY, newUnscaledWidth, newUnscaledHeight);
-
-        if (Display.Rotation is Rotation.Rotation90 or Rotation.Rotation270)
-            (newX, newY, newUnscaledWidth, newUnscaledHeight) = (newY, newX, newUnscaledHeight, newUnscaledWidth);
-
-        captureZone.X = newX;
-        captureZone.Y = newY;
 
         //TODO DarthAffe 01.05.2022: For now just reinitialize the zone in that case, but this could be optimized to only recreate the textures needed.
         if ((width != null) || (height != null) || (downscaleLevel != null))
         {
-            (int newWidth, int newHeight, newDownscaleLevel) = CalculateScaledSize(newUnscaledWidth, newUnscaledHeight, newDownscaleLevel);
+            lock (_textures)
-            lock (_captureZones)
             {
-                UnregisterCaptureZone(captureZone);
+                if (_textures.TryGetValue(captureZone, out ZoneTextures? textures))
-
+                {
-                captureZone.UnscaledWidth = newUnscaledWidth;
+                    textures.Dispose();
-                captureZone.UnscaledHeight = newUnscaledHeight;
+                    InitializeCaptureZone(captureZone);
-                captureZone.Width = newWidth;
+                }
-                captureZone.Height = newHeight;
-                captureZone.DownscaleLevel = newDownscaleLevel;
-                captureZone.Buffer = new byte[newWidth * newHeight * BPP];
-
-                InitializeCaptureZone(captureZone);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private (int width, int height, int downscaleLevel) CalculateScaledSize(int width, int height, int downscaleLevel)
+    protected override void ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel)
-    {
-        if (downscaleLevel > 0)
-            for (int i = 0; i < downscaleLevel; i++)
-            {
-                if ((width <= 1) && (height <= 1))
-                {
-                    downscaleLevel = i;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                width /= 2;
-                height /= 2;
-            }
-
-        if (width < 1) width = 1;
-        if (height < 1) height = 1;
-
-        return (width, height, downscaleLevel);
-    }
-
-    private void ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(int x, int y, int width, int height)
     {
         if (_device == null) throw new ApplicationException("ScreenCapture isn't initialized.");
 
-        if (x < 0) throw new ArgumentException("x < 0");
+        base.ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
-        if (y < 0) throw new ArgumentException("y < 0");
-        if (width <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("with <= 0");
-        if (height <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("height <= 0");
-        if ((x + width) > Display.Width) throw new ArgumentException("x + width > Display width");
-        if ((y + height) > Display.Height) throw new ArgumentException("y + height > Display height");
     }
 
-    private void InitializeCaptureZone(in CaptureZone captureZone)
+    private void InitializeCaptureZone(in CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone)
     {
+        int x;
+        int y;
+        int width;
+        int height;
+        int unscaledWidth;
+        int unscaledHeight;
+
+        if (captureZone.Display.Rotation is Rotation.Rotation90 or Rotation.Rotation270)
+        {
+            x = captureZone.Y;
+            y = captureZone.X;
+            width = captureZone.Height;
+            height = captureZone.Width;
+            unscaledWidth = captureZone.UnscaledHeight;
+            unscaledHeight = captureZone.UnscaledWidth;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            x = captureZone.X;
+            y = captureZone.Y;
+            width = captureZone.Width;
+            height = captureZone.Height;
+            unscaledWidth = captureZone.UnscaledWidth;
+            unscaledHeight = captureZone.UnscaledHeight;
+        }
+
         Texture2DDescription stagingTextureDesc = new()
         {
             CPUAccessFlags = CpuAccessFlags.Read,
             BindFlags = BindFlags.None,
             Format = Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm,
-            Width = captureZone.Width,
+            Width = width,
-            Height = captureZone.Height,
+            Height = height,
             MiscFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.None,
             MipLevels = 1,
             ArraySize = 1,
@@ -430,8 +359,8 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
                 CPUAccessFlags = CpuAccessFlags.None,
                 BindFlags = BindFlags.RenderTarget | BindFlags.ShaderResource,
                 Format = Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm,
-                Width = captureZone.UnscaledWidth,
+                Width = unscaledWidth,
-                Height = captureZone.UnscaledHeight,
+                Height = unscaledHeight,
                 MiscFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.GenerateMips,
                 MipLevels = captureZone.DownscaleLevel + 1,
                 ArraySize = 1,
@@ -442,95 +371,134 @@ public sealed class DX11ScreenCapture : IScreenCapture
             scalingTextureView = _device.CreateShaderResourceView(scalingTexture);
         }
 
-        _captureZones[captureZone] = (stagingTexture, scalingTexture, scalingTextureView);
+        _textures[captureZone] = new ZoneTextures(x, y, width, height, unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, stagingTexture, scalingTexture, scalingTextureView);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public void Restart()
+    public override void Restart()
     {
+        base.Restart();
+
         lock (_captureLock)
-        {
+            lock (_textures)
-            try
             {
-                List<CaptureZone> captureZones = _captureZones.Keys.ToList();
+                try
-                Dispose();
-
-                using IDXGIAdapter1 adapter = _factory.GetAdapter1(Display.GraphicsCard.Index) ?? throw new ApplicationException("Couldn't create DirectX-Adapter.");
-
-                D3D11.D3D11CreateDevice(adapter, DriverType.Unknown, DeviceCreationFlags.None, FEATURE_LEVELS, out _device).CheckError();
-                _context = _device!.ImmediateContext;
-
-                _output = adapter.GetOutput(Display.Index) ?? throw new ApplicationException("Couldn't get DirectX-Output.");
-                using IDXGIOutput5 output = _output.QueryInterface<IDXGIOutput5>();
-
-                int width = Display.Width;
-                int height = Display.Height;
-                if (Display.Rotation is Rotation.Rotation90 or Rotation.Rotation270)
-                    (width, height) = (height, width);
-
-                Texture2DDescription captureTextureDesc = new()
                 {
-                    CPUAccessFlags = CpuAccessFlags.None,
+                    foreach (ZoneTextures textures in _textures.Values)
-                    BindFlags = BindFlags.RenderTarget | BindFlags.ShaderResource,
+                        textures.Dispose();
-                    Format = Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm,
+                    _textures.Clear();
-                    Width = width,
-                    Height = height,
-                    MiscFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.None,
-                    MipLevels = 1,
-                    ArraySize = 1,
-                    SampleDescription = { Count = 1, Quality = 0 },
-                    Usage = ResourceUsage.Default
-                };
-                _captureTexture = _device.CreateTexture2D(captureTextureDesc);
 
-                lock (_captureZones)
+                    DisposeDX();
-                {
+
-                    foreach (CaptureZone captureZone in captureZones)
+                    using IDXGIAdapter1 adapter = _factory.GetAdapter1(Display.GraphicsCard.Index) ?? throw new ApplicationException("Couldn't create DirectX-Adapter.");
+
+                    D3D11.D3D11CreateDevice(adapter, DriverType.Unknown, DeviceCreationFlags.None, FEATURE_LEVELS, out _device).CheckError();
+                    _context = _device!.ImmediateContext;
+
+                    _output = adapter.GetOutput(Display.Index) ?? throw new ApplicationException("Couldn't get DirectX-Output.");
+                    using IDXGIOutput5 output = _output.QueryInterface<IDXGIOutput5>();
+
+                    int width = Display.Width;
+                    int height = Display.Height;
+                    if (Display.Rotation is Rotation.Rotation90 or Rotation.Rotation270)
+                        (width, height) = (height, width);
+
+                    Texture2DDescription captureTextureDesc = new()
+                    {
+                        CPUAccessFlags = CpuAccessFlags.None,
+                        BindFlags = BindFlags.RenderTarget | BindFlags.ShaderResource,
+                        Format = Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm,
+                        Width = width,
+                        Height = height,
+                        MiscFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.None,
+                        MipLevels = 1,
+                        ArraySize = 1,
+                        SampleDescription = { Count = 1, Quality = 0 },
+                        Usage = ResourceUsage.Default
+                    };
+                    _captureTexture = _device.CreateTexture2D(captureTextureDesc);
+
+                    foreach (CaptureZone<ColorBGRA> captureZone in CaptureZones)
                         InitializeCaptureZone(captureZone);
-                }
 
-                if (_useNewDuplicationAdapter)
+                    if (_useNewDuplicationAdapter)
-                    _duplicatedOutput = output.DuplicateOutput1(_device, new[] { Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm }); // DarthAffe 27.02.2021: This prepares for the use of 10bit color depth
+                        _duplicatedOutput = output.DuplicateOutput1(_device, new[] { Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm }); // DarthAffe 27.02.2021: This prepares for the use of 10bit color depth
-                else
+                    else
-                    _duplicatedOutput = output.DuplicateOutput(_device);
+                        _duplicatedOutput = output.DuplicateOutput(_device);
+                }
+                catch { DisposeDX(); }
             }
-            catch { Dispose(false); }
-        }
     }
 
-    /// <inheritdoc />
+    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
-    public void Dispose() => Dispose(true);
+    {
+        base.Dispose(disposing);
+        DisposeDX();
+    }
 
-    private void Dispose(bool removeCaptureZones)
+    private void DisposeDX()
     {
         try
         {
-            lock (_captureLock)
+            try { _duplicatedOutput?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-            {
+            try { _output?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                try { _duplicatedOutput?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
+            try { _context?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                _duplicatedOutput = null;
+            try { _device?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
+            try { _captureTexture?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
 
-                try
+            _duplicatedOutput = null;
-                {
+            _context = null;
-                    if (removeCaptureZones)
+            _captureTexture = null;
-                    {
-                        List<CaptureZone> captureZones = _captureZones.Keys.ToList();
-                        foreach (CaptureZone captureZone in captureZones)
-                            UnregisterCaptureZone(captureZone);
-                    }
-                }
-                catch { /**/ }
-
-                try { _output?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                try { _context?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                try { _device?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                try { _captureTexture?.Dispose(); } catch { /**/ }
-                _context = null;
-                _captureTexture = null;
-            }
         }
         catch { /**/ }
     }
 
     #endregion
+
+    private sealed class ZoneTextures : IDisposable
+    {
+        #region Properties & Fields
+
+        public int X { get; }
+        public int Y { get; }
+        public int Width { get; }
+        public int Height { get; }
+        public int UnscaledWidth { get; }
+        public int UnscaledHeight { get; }
+
+        public ID3D11Texture2D StagingTexture { get; }
+        public ID3D11Texture2D? ScalingTexture { get; }
+        public ID3D11ShaderResourceView? ScalingTextureView { get; }
+
+        #endregion
+
+        #region Constructors
+
+        public ZoneTextures(int x, int y, int width, int height, int unscaledWidth, int unscaledHeight,
+                            ID3D11Texture2D stagingTexture, ID3D11Texture2D? scalingTexture, ID3D11ShaderResourceView? scalingTextureView)
+        {
+            this.X = x;
+            this.Y = y;
+            this.Width = width;
+            this.Height = height;
+            this.UnscaledWidth = unscaledWidth;
+            this.UnscaledHeight = unscaledHeight;
+            this.StagingTexture = stagingTexture;
+            this.ScalingTexture = scalingTexture;
+            this.ScalingTextureView = scalingTextureView;
+        }
+
+        #endregion
+
+        #region Methods
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            StagingTexture.Dispose();
+            ScalingTexture?.Dispose();
+            ScalingTextureView?.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        #endregion
+    }
 }

ScreenCapture.NET/DirectX/DX11ScreenCaptureService.cs

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public class DX11ScreenCaptureService : IScreenCaptureService
         }
     }
 
-    private Rotation GetRotation(ModeRotation rotation) => rotation switch
+    private static Rotation GetRotation(ModeRotation rotation) => rotation switch
     {
         ModeRotation.Rotate90 => Rotation.Rotation90,
         ModeRotation.Rotate180 => Rotation.Rotation180,
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ public class DX11ScreenCaptureService : IScreenCaptureService
     };
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public IScreenCapture GetScreenCapture(Display display)
+    IScreenCapture IScreenCaptureService.GetScreenCapture(Display display) => GetScreenCapture(display);
+    public DX11ScreenCapture GetScreenCapture(Display display)
     {
         if (!_screenCaptures.TryGetValue(display, out DX11ScreenCapture? screenCapture))
             _screenCaptures.Add(display, screenCapture = new DX11ScreenCapture(_factory, display));

ScreenCapture.NET/Generic/AbstractScreenCapture.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public abstract class AbstractScreenCapture<TColor> : IScreenCapture
+    where TColor : struct, IColor
+{
+    #region Properties & Fields
+
+    private bool _isDisposed;
+    private int _indexCounter = 0;
+
+    protected HashSet<CaptureZone<TColor>> CaptureZones { get; } = new();
+
+    public Display Display { get; }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Events
+
+    public event EventHandler<ScreenCaptureUpdatedEventArgs>? Updated;
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Constructors
+
+    protected AbstractScreenCapture(Display display)
+    {
+        this.Display = display;
+    }
+
+    ~AbstractScreenCapture() => Dispose(false);
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Methods
+
+    public virtual bool CaptureScreen()
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+
+        bool result;
+
+        try
+        {
+            result = PerformScreenCapture();
+        }
+        catch
+        {
+            result = false;
+        }
+
+        foreach (CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone in CaptureZones.Where(x => x.AutoUpdate || x.IsUpdateRequested))
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                PerformCaptureZoneUpdate(captureZone);
+                captureZone.SetUpdated();
+            }
+            catch { /* */ }
+        }
+
+        OnUpdated(result);
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    protected abstract bool PerformScreenCapture();
+
+    protected abstract void PerformCaptureZoneUpdate(CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone);
+
+    protected virtual void OnUpdated(bool result)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            Updated?.Invoke(this, new ScreenCaptureUpdatedEventArgs(result));
+        }
+        catch { /**/ }
+    }
+
+    ICaptureZone IScreenCapture.RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel) => RegisterCaptureZone(x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
+    public virtual CaptureZone<TColor> RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel = 0)
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+
+        lock (CaptureZones)
+        {
+            ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
+
+            int unscaledWidth = width;
+            int unscaledHeight = height;
+            (width, height, downscaleLevel) = CalculateScaledSize(unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, downscaleLevel);
+
+#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
+            CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone = new(_indexCounter++, Display, x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel, unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, new ScreenImage<TColor>(width, height, TColor.ColorFormat));
+#else
+            CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone = new(_indexCounter++, Display, x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel, unscaledWidth, unscaledHeight, new ScreenImage<TColor>(width, height, IColor.GetColorFormat<TColor>()));
+#endif
+            CaptureZones.Add(captureZone);
+
+            return captureZone;
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel)
+    {
+        if (x < 0) throw new ArgumentException("x < 0");
+        if (y < 0) throw new ArgumentException("y < 0");
+        if (width <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("with <= 0");
+        if (height <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("height <= 0");
+        if ((x + width) > Display.Width) throw new ArgumentException("x + width > Display width");
+        if ((y + height) > Display.Height) throw new ArgumentException("y + height > Display height");
+    }
+
+    protected virtual (int width, int height, int downscaleLevel) CalculateScaledSize(int width, int height, int downscaleLevel)
+    {
+        if (downscaleLevel > 0)
+            for (int i = 0; i < downscaleLevel; i++)
+            {
+                if ((width <= 1) && (height <= 1))
+                {
+                    downscaleLevel = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                width /= 2;
+                height /= 2;
+            }
+
+        if (width < 1) width = 1;
+        if (height < 1) height = 1;
+
+        return (width, height, downscaleLevel);
+    }
+
+    bool IScreenCapture.UnregisterCaptureZone(ICaptureZone captureZone) => UnregisterCaptureZone(captureZone as CaptureZone<TColor> ?? throw new ArgumentException("Invalid capture-zone."));
+    public virtual bool UnregisterCaptureZone(CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone)
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+
+        return CaptureZones.Remove(captureZone);
+    }
+
+    void IScreenCapture.UpdateCaptureZone(ICaptureZone captureZone, int? x, int? y, int? width, int? height, int? downscaleLevel)
+        => UpdateCaptureZone(captureZone as CaptureZone<TColor> ?? throw new ArgumentException("Invalid capture-zone."), x, y, width, height, downscaleLevel);
+    public virtual void UpdateCaptureZone(CaptureZone<TColor> captureZone, int? x = null, int? y = null, int? width = null, int? height = null, int? downscaleLevel = null)
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+
+        lock (CaptureZones)
+        {
+            if (!CaptureZones.Contains(captureZone))
+                throw new ArgumentException("The capture zone is not registered to this ScreenCapture", nameof(captureZone));
+
+            int newX = x ?? captureZone.X;
+            int newY = y ?? captureZone.Y;
+            int newUnscaledWidth = width ?? captureZone.UnscaledWidth;
+            int newUnscaledHeight = height ?? captureZone.UnscaledHeight;
+            int newDownscaleLevel = downscaleLevel ?? captureZone.DownscaleLevel;
+
+            ValidateCaptureZoneAndThrow(newX, newY, newUnscaledWidth, newUnscaledHeight, newDownscaleLevel);
+
+            captureZone.X = newX;
+            captureZone.Y = newY;
+
+            if ((width != null) || (height != null) || (downscaleLevel != null))
+            {
+                (int newWidth, int newHeight, newDownscaleLevel) = CalculateScaledSize(newUnscaledWidth, newUnscaledHeight, newDownscaleLevel);
+
+                captureZone.UnscaledWidth = newUnscaledWidth;
+                captureZone.UnscaledHeight = newUnscaledHeight;
+                captureZone.Width = newWidth;
+                captureZone.Height = newHeight;
+                captureZone.DownscaleLevel = newDownscaleLevel;
+                captureZone.Image.Resize(newWidth, newHeight);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public virtual void Restart()
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+    }
+
+    /// <inheritdoc />
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+        if (_isDisposed) return;
+
+        try
+        {
+            Dispose(true);
+        }
+        catch { /* don't throw in dispose! */ }
+
+        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+
+        _isDisposed = true;
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { }
+
+    #endregion
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Generic/IScreenCapture.cs

@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ public interface IScreenCapture : IDisposable
     /// <param name="height">The height of the region to capture (must be &gt;= 0 and this + y must be &lt;= screen-height).</param>
     /// <param name="downscaleLevel">The level of downscaling applied to the image of this region before copying to local memory. The calculation is (width and height)/2^downscaleLevel.</param>
     /// <returns>The new <see cref="CaptureScreen"/>.</returns>
-    CaptureZone RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel = 0);
+    ICaptureZone RegisterCaptureZone(int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel = 0);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Removes the given <see cref="CaptureScreen"/> from the <see cref="IScreenCapture"/>.
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="captureZone">The previously registered <see cref="CaptureScreen"/>.</param>
     /// <returns><c>true</c> if the <see cref="CaptureScreen"/> was successfully removed; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
-    bool UnregisterCaptureZone(CaptureZone captureZone);
+    bool UnregisterCaptureZone(ICaptureZone captureZone);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Updates the the given <see cref="CaptureScreen"/>.
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public interface IScreenCapture : IDisposable
     /// <param name="width">The width of the region to capture (must be &gt;= 0 and this + x must be &lt;= screen-width).</param>
     /// <param name="height">The new height of the region to capture (must be &gt;= 0 and this + y must be &lt;= screen-height).</param>
     /// <param name="downscaleLevel">The new level of downscaling applied to the image of this region before copying to local memory. The calculation is (width and height)/2^downscaleLevel.</param>
-    void UpdateCaptureZone(CaptureZone captureZone, int? x = null, int? y = null, int? width = null, int? height = null, int? downscaleLevel = null);
+    void UpdateCaptureZone(ICaptureZone captureZone, int? x = null, int? y = null, int? width = null, int? height = null, int? downscaleLevel = null);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Restarts the <see cref="IScreenCapture"/>.

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/BlackBarDetection.cs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ public sealed class BlackBarDetection
 {
     #region Properties & Fields
 
-    private readonly CaptureZone _captureZone;
+    private readonly ICaptureZone _captureZone;
 
     private int? _top;
     /// <summary>
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public sealed class BlackBarDetection
 
     #region Constructors
 
-    internal BlackBarDetection(CaptureZone captureZone)
+    internal BlackBarDetection(ICaptureZone captureZone)
     {
         this._captureZone = captureZone;
     }
@@ -77,62 +77,62 @@ public sealed class BlackBarDetection
 
     private int CalculateTop()
     {
-        int threshold = Threshold;
+        //int threshold = Threshold;
-        int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
+        //int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
-        for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
+        //for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
-        {
+        //{
-            Span<byte> data = new(_captureZone.Buffer, row * stride, stride);
+        //    Span<byte> data = new(_captureZone.Buffer, row * stride, stride);
-            for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i += 4)
+        //    for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i += 4)
-                if ((data[i] > threshold) || (data[i + 1] > threshold) || (data[i + 2] > threshold))
+        //        if ((data[i] > threshold) || (data[i + 1] > threshold) || (data[i + 2] > threshold))
-                    return row;
+        //            return row;
-        }
+        //}
 
         return 0;
     }
 
     private int CalculateBottom()
     {
-        int threshold = Threshold;
+        //int threshold = Threshold;
-        int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
+        //int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
-        for (int row = _captureZone.Height - 1; row >= 0; row--)
+        //for (int row = _captureZone.Height - 1; row >= 0; row--)
-        {
+        //{
-            Span<byte> data = new(_captureZone.Buffer, row * stride, stride);
+        //    Span<byte> data = new(_captureZone.Buffer, row * stride, stride);
-            for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i += 4)
+        //    for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i += 4)
-                if ((data[i] > threshold) || (data[i + 1] > threshold) || (data[i + 2] > threshold))
+        //        if ((data[i] > threshold) || (data[i + 1] > threshold) || (data[i + 2] > threshold))
-                    return (_captureZone.Height - 1) - row;
+        //            return (_captureZone.Height - 1) - row;
-        }
+        //}
 
         return 0;
     }
 
     private int CalculateLeft()
     {
-        int threshold = Threshold;
+        //int threshold = Threshold;
-        int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
+        //int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
-        byte[] buffer = _captureZone.Buffer;
+        //byte[] buffer = _captureZone.Buffer;
-        for (int column = 0; column < _captureZone.Width; column++)
+        //for (int column = 0; column < _captureZone.Width; column++)
-            for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
+        //    for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
-            {
+        //    {
-                int offset = (stride * row) + (column * 4);
+        //        int offset = (stride * row) + (column * 4);
-                if ((buffer[offset] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 1] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 2] > threshold))
+        //        if ((buffer[offset] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 1] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 2] > threshold))
-                    return column;
+        //            return column;
-            }
+        //    }
 
         return 0;
     }
 
     private int CalculateRight()
     {
-        int threshold = Threshold;
+        //int threshold = Threshold;
-        int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
+        //int stride = _captureZone.Stride;
-        byte[] buffer = _captureZone.Buffer;
+        //byte[] buffer = _captureZone.Buffer;
-        for (int column = _captureZone.Width - 1; column >= 0; column--)
+        //for (int column = _captureZone.Width - 1; column >= 0; column--)
-            for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
+        //    for (int row = 0; row < _captureZone.Height; row++)
-            {
+        //    {
-                int offset = (stride * row) + (column * 4);
+        //        int offset = (stride * row) + (column * 4);
-                if ((buffer[offset] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 1] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 2] > threshold))
+        //        if ((buffer[offset] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 1] > threshold) || (buffer[offset + 2] > threshold))
-                    return (_captureZone.Width - 1) - column;
+        //            return (_captureZone.Width - 1) - column;
-            }
+        //    }
 
         return 0;
     }

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/CaptureZone.cs

@@ -7,15 +7,18 @@ namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
 /// <summary>
 /// Represents a duplicated region on the screen.
 /// </summary>
-public sealed class CaptureZone
+public sealed class CaptureZone<TColor> : ICaptureZone
+    where TColor : struct, IColor
 {
     #region Properties & Fields
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the unique id of this <see cref="CaptureZone"/>.
+    /// Gets the unique id of this <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/>.
     /// </summary>
     public int Id { get; }
 
+    public Display Display { get; }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the x-location of the region on the screen.
     /// </summary>
@@ -51,42 +54,25 @@ public sealed class CaptureZone
     /// </summary>
     public int UnscaledHeight { get; internal set; }
 
-    /// <summary>
+    IScreenImage ICaptureZone.Image => Image;
-    /// Gets the amount of bytes per pixel in the image (most likely 3 [RGB] or 4 [ARGB]).
+    public ScreenImage<TColor> Image { get; }
-    /// </summary>
-    public int BytesPerPixel { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the size in bytes of a row in the region (<see cref="Width"/> * <see cref="BytesPerPixel"/>).
+    /// Gets or sets if the <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> should be automatically updated on every captured frame.
-    /// </summary>
-    public int Stride => Width * BytesPerPixel;
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the buffer containing the image data. Format depends on the specific capture but is most likely BGRA32.
-    /// </summary>
-    public byte[] Buffer { get; internal set; }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the config for black-bar detection.
-    /// </summary>
-    public BlackBarDetection BlackBars { get; }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Gets or sets if the <see cref="CaptureZone"/> should be automatically updated on every captured frame.
     /// </summary>
     public bool AutoUpdate { get; set; } = true;
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets if an update for the <see cref="CaptureZone"/> is requested on the next captured frame.
+    /// Gets if an update for the <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> is requested on the next captured frame.
     /// </summary>
     public bool IsUpdateRequested { get; private set; }
-
+    
     #endregion
 
     #region Events
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Occurs when the <see cref="CaptureZone"/> is updated.
+    /// Occurs when the <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> is updated.
     /// </summary>
     public event EventHandler? Updated;
 
@@ -95,9 +81,9 @@ public sealed class CaptureZone
     #region Constructors
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="CaptureZone"/> class.
+    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> class.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="id">The unique id of this <see cref="CaptureZone"/>.</param>
+    /// <param name="id">The unique id of this <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/>.</param>
     /// <param name="x">The x-location of the region on the screen.</param>
     /// <param name="y">The y-location of the region on the screen.</param>
     /// <param name="width">The width of the region on the screen.</param>
@@ -107,20 +93,18 @@ public sealed class CaptureZone
     /// <param name="unscaledWidth">The original width of the region.</param>
     /// <param name="unscaledHeight">The original height of the region</param>
     /// <param name="buffer">The buffer containing the image data.</param>
-    internal CaptureZone(int id, int x, int y, int width, int height, int bytesPerPixel, int downscaleLevel, int unscaledWidth, int unscaledHeight, byte[] buffer)
+    internal CaptureZone(int id, Display display, int x, int y, int width, int height, int downscaleLevel, int unscaledWidth, int unscaledHeight, ScreenImage<TColor> image)
     {
         this.Id = id;
+        this.Display = display;
         this.X = x;
         this.Y = y;
         this.Width = width;
         this.Height = height;
-        this.BytesPerPixel = bytesPerPixel;
         this.UnscaledWidth = unscaledWidth;
         this.UnscaledHeight = unscaledHeight;
         this.DownscaleLevel = downscaleLevel;
-        this.Buffer = buffer;
+        this.Image = image;
-
-        BlackBars = new BlackBarDetection(this);
     }
 
     #endregion
@@ -128,32 +112,30 @@ public sealed class CaptureZone
     #region Methods
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Requests to update this <see cref="CaptureZone"/> when the next frame is captured.
+    /// Requests to update this <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> when the next frame is captured.
     /// Only necessary if <see cref="AutoUpdate"/> is set to <c>false</c>.
     /// </summary>
     public void RequestUpdate() => IsUpdateRequested = true;
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Marks the <see cref="CaptureZone"/> as updated.
+    /// Marks the <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> as updated.
-    /// WARNING: This should not be called outside of an <see cref="IScreenCapture"/>!
     /// </summary>
-    public void SetUpdated()
+    internal void SetUpdated()
     {
         IsUpdateRequested = false;
-        BlackBars.InvalidateCache();
 
         Updated?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Determines whether this <see cref="CaptureZone"/> equals the given one.
+    /// Determines whether this <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> equals the given one.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="other">The <see cref="CaptureZone"/> to compare.</param>
+    /// <param name="other">The <see cref="CaptureZone{T}"/> to compare.</param>
     /// <returns><c>true</c> if the specified object is equal to the current object; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
-    public bool Equals(CaptureZone other) => Id == other.Id;
+    public bool Equals(CaptureZone<TColor> other) => Id == other.Id;
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => obj is CaptureZone other && Equals(other);
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => obj is CaptureZone<TColor> other && Equals(other);
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
     public override int GetHashCode() => Id;

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/ColorFormat.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public readonly struct ColorFormat
+{
+    #region Instances
+
+    public static readonly ColorFormat BGRA = new(1, 4);
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Properties & Fields
+
+    public readonly int Id;
+    public readonly int BytesPerPixel;
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Constructors
+
+    private ColorFormat(int id, int bytesPerPixel)
+    {
+        this.Id = id;
+        this.BytesPerPixel = bytesPerPixel;
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Methods
+
+    public bool Equals(ColorFormat other) => Id == other.Id;
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => obj is ColorFormat other && Equals(other);
+
+    public override int GetHashCode() => Id;
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Operators
+
+    public static bool operator ==(ColorFormat left, ColorFormat right) => left.Equals(right);
+    public static bool operator !=(ColorFormat left, ColorFormat right) => !(left == right);
+
+    #endregion
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/Colors/ColorBGRA.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// ReSharper disable ConvertToAutoProperty
+
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
+public readonly struct ColorBGRA : IColor
+{
+    #region Properties & Fields
+
+#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
+    public static ColorFormat ColorFormat => ColorFormat.BGRA;
+#endif
+
+    private readonly byte _b;
+    private readonly byte _g;
+    private readonly byte _r;
+    private readonly byte _a;
+
+    public byte B => _b;
+    public byte G => _g;
+    public byte R => _r;
+    public byte A => _a;
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Constructors
+
+    public ColorBGRA(byte b, byte g, byte r, byte a)
+    {
+        this._b = b;
+        this._g = g;
+        this._r = r;
+        this._a = a;
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/Colors/IColor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public interface IColor
+{
+    byte R { get; }
+    byte G { get; }
+    byte B { get; }
+    byte A { get; }
+
+#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
+    public static abstract ColorFormat ColorFormat { get; }
+#else
+    public static ColorFormat GetColorFormat<TColor>()
+        where TColor : IColor
+    {
+        System.Type colorType = typeof(TColor);
+        if (colorType == typeof(ColorBGRA)) return ColorFormat.BGRA;
+
+        throw new System.ArgumentException($"Not ColorFormat registered for '{typeof(TColor).Name}'");
+    }
+#endif
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/ICaptureZone.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public interface ICaptureZone
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the unique id of this <see cref="ICaptureZone"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    int Id { get; }
+    Display Display { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the x-location of the region on the screen.
+    /// </summary>
+    int X { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the y-location of the region on the screen.
+    /// </summary>
+    int Y { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the width of the captured region.
+    /// </summary>
+    int Width { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the height of the captured region.
+    /// </summary>
+    int Height { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the level of downscaling applied to the image of this region before copying to local memory. The calculation is (width and height)/2^downscaleLevel.
+    /// </summary>
+    int DownscaleLevel { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the original width of the region (this equals <see cref="Width"/> if <see cref="DownscaleLevel"/> is 0).
+    /// </summary>
+    int UnscaledWidth { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the original height of the region (this equals <see cref="Height"/> if <see cref="DownscaleLevel"/> is 0).
+    /// </summary>
+    int UnscaledHeight { get; }
+
+    IScreenImage Image { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets if the <see cref="ICaptureZone"/> should be automatically updated on every captured frame.
+    /// </summary>
+    bool AutoUpdate { get; set; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets if an update for the <see cref="ICaptureZone"/> is requested on the next captured frame.
+    /// </summary>
+    bool IsUpdateRequested { get; }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Occurs when the <see cref="ICaptureZone"/> is updated.
+    /// </summary>
+    event EventHandler? Updated;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Requests to update this <see cref="ICaptureZone"/> when the next frame is captured.
+    /// Only necessary if <see cref="AutoUpdate"/> is set to <c>false</c>.
+    /// </summary>
+    void RequestUpdate();
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/IScreenImage.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public interface IScreenImage
+{
+    Span<byte> Raw { get; }
+    int Width { get; }
+    int Height { get; }
+    int Stride { get; }
+    ColorFormat ColorFormat { get; }
+
+    IDisposable Lock();
+
+    IColor this[int x, int y] { get; }
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/Model/ScreenImage.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace ScreenCapture.NET;
+
+public sealed class ScreenImage<TColor> : IScreenImage
+    where TColor : struct, IColor
+{
+    #region Properties & Fields
+
+    private readonly object _lock = new();
+    private byte[] _buffer;
+
+    public Span<byte> Raw => _buffer;
+    public Span<TColor> Pixels => MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, TColor>(_buffer);
+
+    public int Width { get; private set; }
+    public int Height { get; private set; }
+    public int Stride => Width * ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel;
+    public ColorFormat ColorFormat { get; }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Indexer
+
+    IColor IScreenImage.this[int x, int y] => this[x, y];
+    public TColor this[int x, int y] => Pixels[(y * Width) + x];
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Constructors
+
+    internal ScreenImage(int width, int height, ColorFormat colorFormat)
+    {
+        this.Width = width;
+        this.Height = height;
+        this.ColorFormat = colorFormat;
+
+        _buffer = new byte[width * height * colorFormat.BytesPerPixel];
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region Methods
+
+    internal void Resize(int width, int height)
+    {
+        Width = width;
+        Height = height;
+
+        _buffer = new byte[width * height * ColorFormat.BytesPerPixel];
+    }
+
+    public IDisposable Lock()
+    {
+        Monitor.Enter(_lock);
+        return new UnlockDisposable(_lock);
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    private class UnlockDisposable : IDisposable
+    {
+        #region Properties & Fields
+
+        private bool _disposed = false;
+        private readonly object _lock;
+
+        #endregion
+
+        #region Constructors
+
+        public UnlockDisposable(object @lock) => this._lock = @lock;
+
+        #endregion
+
+        #region Methods
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (_disposed) throw new ObjectDisposedException("The lock is already released");
+
+            Monitor.Exit(_lock);
+            _disposed = true;
+        }
+
+        #endregion
+    }
+
+    public readonly ref struct ScreemImageRow
+    {
+        private readonly Span<TColor> _pixels;
+
+        public IColor this[int x] => _pixels[x];
+
+        public ScreemImageRow(Span<TColor> pixels)
+        {
+            this._pixels = pixels;
+        }
+    }
+}

ScreenCapture.NET/ScreenCapture.NET.csproj

@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@
     <SymbolPackageFormat>snupkg</SymbolPackageFormat>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(TargetFramework)'=='net6.0'">
+    <EnablePreviewFeatures>true</EnablePreviewFeatures>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Debug'">
     <DefineConstants>$(DefineConstants);TRACE;DEBUG</DefineConstants>
     <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>

ScreenCapture.NET/ScreenCapture.NET.csproj.DotSettings

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 <wpf:ResourceDictionary xml:space="preserve" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:ss="urn:shemas-jetbrains-com:settings-storage-xaml" xmlns:wpf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
+	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=communitytoolkit_002Ehighperformance/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
 	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=directx/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
 	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=events/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
+	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=generic/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
 	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=helper/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
-	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=model/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean></wpf:ResourceDictionary>
+	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=model/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean>
+	<s:Boolean x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/NamespaceProvider/NamespaceFoldersToSkip/=model_005Ccolors/@EntryIndexedValue">True</s:Boolean></wpf:ResourceDictionary>